Important similarities and differences between Judaism and Christianity Free Essays

Judaism and Christianity are both monotheistic religions with a common root in that they share in descent from the patriarch Abraham. Christianity after all was founded by Jews, and even when it first had Gentile converts for a while they followed Jewish practices, such as keeping the food laws, until Peter’s vision a t the home of Cornelius ( Acts 10) They are linked by the search for the Saviour or Messiah foretold in the scriptures that both share e. g, Isaiah 35 – and known by Christians in the New Testament. We will write a custom essay sample on Important similarities and differences between Judaism and Christianity or any similar topic only for you Order Now Goldberg and Rayner begin their book ‘The Jewish People’ :- The history of the Jewish people begins with Abraham, the history of the Jewish religion begins with Moses. Jews take their name from the fourth son of Jacob by his wife Leah. They would have in times past called themselves Israelites. The name Jew comes from the Romans who referred to Idumea, an area south of Israel. The fundamental difference is that Christians believe that Messiah came in Jesus of Nazareth some 2000 or so years ago, while Jews, unless they claim to be Messianic Jews, a growing group, are still waiting. Another massive difference is that one is born a Jew. As long as your mother was Jewish you are Jewish, whether or not you are in any way religious, whether or not you keep the laws of Judaism and even whether or not you believe in God. Descent is through women, because then, if a foreigner impregnated a Jewish woman, whether by consent or by rape, the child would still be part of the people of God. This applies even when the women of a family have married non Jews for several generations and worship as members of another faith. It is the religion of a race and it is very difficult for anyone to become a Jew in any other way than to be born to it. Christianity on the other hand is a religion open to anyone, but though one can be born into a Christian family and dedicated or christened soon after birth, as a young person or adult each person must decide for themselves to follow Jesus as Saviour. Christians believe in one God, but refer to God as Trinity, three in one, Father, Son and Holy Spirit. Jews prefer to think of God as one. Yet in the Old Testament there are references to God as Father ( Psalm 68 v 5 ‘A Father of the fatherless†¦. is God) and as Spirit, ( Numbers 11 v 17) and also to his sending of a Saviour.( Isaiah 42) Like Christianity Judaism has over the years divided into various groupings, orthodox, liberal and so on, but just as all Christians of whatever denomination relate back to Jesus Christ, so all Jews relate back to the patriarchs. By the time of Christ though Judaism had become a very different religion as far as its every day practice – so much so the writer Ninian Smart in ‘The World’s Religions’ differentiates them into the religion of the Israelites and Judaism. ( pages 202-203). This was a gradual evolution rather than a sudden change. When the Israelites were only a few in number they worshipped together. When they made their Exodus and spent 40 years in the wilderness they worshipped together in the tabernacle Change began at the time of the Exile, when the majority of Jews were separated from temple worship, and synagogues developed. After C. E. 70 when the Romans destroyed the Jerusalem temple and Jews fled from Israel to become part of the Diaspora, non sacrificial synagogue worship became the only type available. The period of temple worship is still looked back to as when at Passover each family makes the pledge ‘Next Year in Jerusalem’. These forced changes also meant that home worship as a family became more important. Judaism is essentially the religion of the group. Judaism has its scholars and mystics, but never took up the solitary or single sex contemplative life, such as that of Julian of Norwich or groups such as the Franciscans, that began in Christianity in the second century with the desert fathers and continues to some extent to the present day. The position of women in both religions has been problematic and is divided upon denominational lines. In the Chambers Dictionary of Religions and Beliefs, page 271, Rosemary Goring tells us about this in some detail. She explains how Reformed Judaism has tried to redress its traditional exclusion of women from worship as in the introduction of a coming of age ceremony for girls as well as for boys. The first woman became a rabbi in the Reformed tradition in the1970s. Even Conservative Judaism took the same step in 1985, but in Orthodox synagogues women are still separated from men in worship and they are only obliged to keep the negative laws i. e.thou shalt not commit adultery, and not the positive ones at certain times. The claim is that this is a matter of difference rather than a matter of inferiority. The same claim would be made by certain Christians. There have always been women in leadership roles within the church, but, despite verses such as Galatians 3:28, â€Å"There is no difference between Jews and Gentiles, between slaves and free men; between men and women, for you are all one in union with Christ Jesus. † actual ordination has been a long time coming and in certain denominations has either not arrived or again been minimal in its effect. Judaism is a quite legalistic religion. There are rules that cover every area of life, and Orthodox Jews in particular are meticulous in keeping such rules. Christianity on the other hand, although it too has rules, these are more concerned with morals than with such minutiae as the kind of knot that can be used on the Sabbath. Galatians 2 v 16 perhaps sums up the different attitudes to legalism. ‘’We know that a person is put right with God only through faith in Jesus Christ, never by doing what the law requires.† These are of course the words of St Paul, who in his earlier life had been most legalistic -a Hebrew of the Hebrews’ as he describes himself in Philippians, ‘’As far as keeping the Jewish law is concerned I was a Pharisee’ ( Philippians 3 v 5). Jews consider themselves the chosen people of God. Christians consider themselves to have become, because of their faith in the Savior Christ Jesus , also children of God ‘At one time you were not God’s people’ Peter tells new converts, ‘but now you are his people; at one time you did not know God’s mercy, but now you have received his mercy.’ ( 1 Peter 2 v 10) With regard to the after life there are a range of beliefs. Christians believe that Christ has covered their sins and they will ultimately live for ever with God in heaven. Large parts of the New Testament are concerned with teaching on the subject as in I Thessalonians 4. The after life is rarely mentioned in Jewish scriptures. It concentrates more on one’s actions than one’s beliefs. Both Torah and Talmud concentrate on doing one’s duty to God in this life. The web site ‘Jewish beliefs on the afterlife ‘ says :- Succeeding at this brings reward, failing at it brings punishment. Whether rewards and punishments continue after death, or whether anything at all happens after death, is not as important. Despite this there is some teaching on the subject.. Moed Katan is cited on the same page . â€Å"This world is only like a hotel. The world to come is like a home. † In the early history of the people death is likened to a reunion with family. (Genesis 49 v 29) Jacob tells his sons ‘I am going to join my family in death.’ It was important to him that he be buried close to those who had preceded him as is obvious in the careful instructions that follow. This contrasts with the fate of the wicked who are described as being cut off from their people. (see Exodus 31 v 14). There is still a belief among the most Orthodox of Jews in a sort of half life after death in a place called She’ol, a world described in Isaiah 14 v 9 and 10. This was expressed to me by a lady who said ‘As long as someone is alive who remembers me I shall be alive’. Both religions have naturally adjusted to changing situations over time. For instance on page 111 of ‘The Jewish People’ Goldberg and Rayner describe how Jewish law was adjusted to conditions in such places as Cairo and Istanbul. It began as the religion of a nomadic people, but became the religion of a minority group living among people who practiced other faiths. This, and the persecution they suffered, led to such things as the Jewish ghettos of mediaeval times, in part forced on them by the majority population, and in part by the natural inclination of people to live near those like themselves. Christianity became the state religion of the Roman Empire in the fourth century under the emperor Constantine. In the intervening years since its inception the church grew rapidly in fulfillment of the parable of the mustard seed recorded in Matthew ( 13 v 31 and 32). William Frend describes in ‘The Christian World’ how its organization had developed into something that rivaled the state itself with its various officials in each area, so much so that Diocletian and his court in 302 tried to face up to the significant decision as to whether Christ or the traditional gods of Rome should be considered as the guardians of that city. A Roman mosaic from 5th century Rome, shown in the Christian World , (page 39) would depict Christ emperor. Becoming a state religion had both advantages, the protection of Christians and their practices, and problems such as state interference in matters that might be considered as purely church matters. For example Henry 1st of England intervened so much in church life that he wanted to be the one to give authority to the archbishop Anselm, rather than this coming from Rome. Christianity is a missionary faith. Christians have traveled to all parts of the world taking the good news with them and seeking to bring other people to join them in faith in Christ. Judaism sees no need for this. Judaism follows the commandment found in Exodus 20 v 4 about the forbidding of making images. This is taken to mean images of God. A modern synagogue will perhaps have stained glass windows depicting important t stories from the scriptures – the giving of the law to Moses for instance or the crossing of the Dead Sea, but because they also accept the words of Genesis 1 v 26 in which God says that he created men in his image, there are no depictions of people. This injunction does not seem to apply to photographs. Christians, believing that they are not bound by Old Testament laws frequently celebrate their faith in pictures, including images of Christ and symbolic pictures of God as Father and Spirit. Conclusion These two faiths have both parallels and common roots as well as shared scriptures and monotheism. There are also major differences in belief and emphasis and the way that religion affects daily life. In both there are sincere believers as well as those of less than total commitment. How to cite Important similarities and differences between Judaism and Christianity, Papers

Art At The National Gallery Essay Example For Students

Art At The National Gallery Essay Ill Matched Lovers, Massys- You can see how people have gotten away from religion, there is gambling, drunkenness, and prostitution. If you look close enough you are able to see a man stealing from the gentlemen with the lady on his lap. It is easy to see how it can be applied today. People pickpocket others all the time. People are greedy and do not care anymore. Death of a Miser, Bosch- It was created in 1500 and this shows how people in this era are to worried about possessions. Bosch is just trying to get the people to realize that your possessions will not go with you into the after life. All you have is good deeds. I think it can relate today because people spend all of there money on cars and big houses but they forget about the people living on the street or the orphans. Small Crucifix, Grunewald- it is an example of the northern renaissance in a few ways. One is by the way it is painted and also with the religious factor. With the materials used to paint it you can tell it is from the northern renaissance. The shadows drawn on the wood. The blood dripping from his feet. Amazing detail is put into this piece of artwork. Cusa states the importance of religious symbols in his theory. And many are evident such as the dog to the right of the cross. Annunciation, Jan Van Eyke- the dove, the trinity with the lights above the dove, her crossed arms, the crown on the figures head. These all relate to Jesus and the resurrection. Some of these symbols represent the greatness of god and how people can be saved. Four Dancers, Degas- it looks as though they are dancing together out of a forest and they wait for the other to do the move for them to go. It makes the dancers look like they are part of a forest and one with nature. It shows how naturalistic people are. By the yellows and greens used. People would have more time for ballet because less time would be spent in church. People are becoming much more materialistic. Givera de Benci, Leonardo da Vinci- she looks very important but yet very sophisticated. She seems like she knows that she is better then everyone else. She is also portrayed to be wise because she is drawn as a part of the tree. The greek philosopher is related because of the colors and how nature is the direct backround of the painting. Puellae, Abakanowicz- the artist saw this first hand. She shows that the regime was rutheless. What is more innocent then a female child. Most people would say nothing. And that is why she uses them. She removed the heads because she wanted to keep their identity safe but also it was thousands that died and she could never put everyones face up. House 1, Lichtenstein- it looks like a cartoon when you see the colors and the way the house is designed you get this sense of a cartoon. He outs things that would normally be digitally animated into reality. He is a very smart, cunning person. Andy Warhol- Warhols message was to show that people need to get back to the table and make meal time special. He doesnt believe in making something like soup which should take all day to make into a can that cooks up in five minutes. Warhol did not like industrialization because he saw how it took away from the family. Warhol knows the most important thing in life is family. .udceaa7ef43a52f746266df0dfdd342fa , .udceaa7ef43a52f746266df0dfdd342fa .postImageUrl , .udceaa7ef43a52f746266df0dfdd342fa .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .udceaa7ef43a52f746266df0dfdd342fa , .udceaa7ef43a52f746266df0dfdd342fa:hover , .udceaa7ef43a52f746266df0dfdd342fa:visited , .udceaa7ef43a52f746266df0dfdd342fa:active { border:0!important; } .udceaa7ef43a52f746266df0dfdd342fa .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .udceaa7ef43a52f746266df0dfdd342fa { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .udceaa7ef43a52f746266df0dfdd342fa:active , .udceaa7ef43a52f746266df0dfdd342fa:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .udceaa7ef43a52f746266df0dfdd342fa .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .udceaa7ef43a52f746266df0dfdd342fa .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .udceaa7ef43a52f746266df0dfdd342fa .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .udceaa7ef43a52f746266df0dfdd342fa .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .udceaa7ef43a52f746266df0dfdd342fa:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .udceaa7ef43a52f746266df0dfdd342fa .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .udceaa7ef43a52f746266df0dfdd342fa .udceaa7ef43a52f746266df0dfdd342fa-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .udceaa7ef43a52f746266df0dfdd342fa:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Christopher Columbus EssayJasper Johns- I picked the white flag because it makes you think of how important the red and blue is. Our flag stands for so much that it just is not the same with out its colors. Jasper served in the army and this is why he painted so many flags because it meant so much to him. Ha wants to put attention on way the flag is made as opposed to as it was shown. Eugene Boudin- I chose the Festival in the Harbor because when you look at it the importance of the see to the people of the time is shown. I selected it because of his use of color and detail. These people needed things to come through the port because it was how many made money. Without ships trade would be virtually impossible. His message is to show the importance of the sea and what it does for people. Lavender Mist- he would consider these an item of chance because they just happened. He did not plan to put them in it just kind of happened. People today just take things a day at a time. They realize that they have no control and that things happen for a reason. I think it is an action painting because all of the random things that happened. It puts everybody a part of it because if someone throws a penny it stays that is what is so cool about the painting.

Letter in Response to Noelle Mcarthys Article free essay sample

Being different will only result in tears’ I can understand your point of view although I can’t help but disagree. Your personal experience may be true, moreover, it is only one story out of a possible 7 billion! You said that being unique will only mean you are picked on, but in my opinion this is not true as people look up to someone with a new style and it is often emulated, how else would fashions start? Perhaps one of your main points is how it is ‘instinctive ‘to blend in, follow the crowd as anything else will result in being bullied. Hans kruuk did an experiment where he marked an x on a gazelle, then release it back into the wild. This study showed the marked animal became a target and was killed every time. You then applied this to school children, saying they know it does not pay to be different. We will write a custom essay sample on Letter in Response to Noelle Mcarthys Article or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I say you cannot compare humans and animals. Animals eat each other, it is their way of life in contrast humans eat animals because we are the superior race bullying is a moral evil, not a natural evil. A group of scientists at Oxford University carried out a three-year study looking at why cats and kittens are scared of their owners, and if this is instinctive or simply developed in childhood. Their results showed that on average 90% of cats who are scared of humans were bullied as a kitten. No cat naturally tries to blend in, however it tries to make relationships. When kittens have abusive owners, it resulted in them becoming scared of all humans, as they might get hurt again. If you are a victim you become conscious and try to fit in to stop the event re-occurring, therefore this disproves your statement that ‘Every school child knows instinctively; it does not pay to be different’; this behaviour is learned. You say that no one should help someone being bullied, because they will become a target too, ‘so we keep away and we turn away when the predators pounce. ’ Lies. Front-page news headlines are often about courageous heroes who have saved someone from being bullied. Susan Dichander, a German civilian, won a Nobel peace award last year. She saved over 2,000 Jewish children effectively, being bullied by Hitler. She is now honoured to own the reward and her friends are family are so proud that she went against the majority and trusted instinct! Another statement you made was that it is better to ‘blend in’, if you look like everyone else, you will not be victimised. I say: what if you cannot change the way you look? Being the only black child in a white school would be hard, but you can’t change skin colour. Disabled people cannot blend in; if you are in a wheel chair, then there is nothing you can do to change that. To be liked is not about blending in, it’s not about what you look like, but it’s about your personality. Finally, I would like to applaud you for your article, you made some persuasive arguments but in contrast, bulling for children in 2012 is extremely different to the torment received in the 1970s. With the development of technology – Facebook, Twitter and all social networking sites ‘cyber bullying’ is a new usage. Bullies who are too scared to say something face to face, or simply do not want it to escalate into violence can send nasty messages over the internet anonymously (or so they think). This has been made a criminal offence, the police can track down where the messages are coming from, and that person may be prosecuted. You proved in your article, being different can also end in making new friends who like you for who you really are, these ‘endure’ for life – surely, that’s a difference worth celebrating.

Computers Essays (140 words) - Classes Of Computers,

What ia a computer it is a desk top or a laop top and they have really pocket size computers from little screens to real big screen. how many computers do you have I have 4 to 5 different computers. What is the differneces between a desktop and a laptop computer a Laptop you can take with you and a desktop you cannot a desktop the screen is seperate and on the laptop it is attached and the mouse is attached on a laptop and on a desktop it is seperate and on a laptop the keyboard is attached and on a desktop it is seperate and the speakers are attached on a laptop and on a desktop they are seperate. On both the screen can be big or small and the printer is seperate on both laptop and desktop.

Free Essays on Bodega Dreams

Bodega Dreams The novel Bodega Dreams, written by Ernesto Quinonez, appears to suggest that in the case of the antagonist Willie Bodega, the ends do justify the means. Though positive results were manifested in the community, the way in which they were accomplished were far from positive. The controversially ethical issue of whether the end justify the means or the means justify the end seems to be the concern of the novel. In history many peoples’ lives have been destroyed to improve the gain of others. The forefathers of this country murdered and destroyed Native Americans’ lives for their own personal gain, Germans murdered Jews for their own gain, and like Willie Bodega drug dealers sell drugs for their own financial gain. Though some people attain success in a less extreme manner, for instance, one may see a co-worker being fired as an opportunity for a promotion. The novel seems to suggest that in order to attain success one will inevitable be forced to step on people on the way up. Analyzing Willie Bodega’s rise to the top, how he got there, and his reasoning for the way he got there, will help to develop an understanding for t he reason why the novel suggests that the means do justify the end ends. The novel opens by introducing the protagonist and narrator Julio Mercado also known as Chino and his life long best friend Enrique, also known as Sapo. The novel introduces the two characters during their childhood growing up in the ghettos of East Harlem New York, better known as Spanish Harlem, to explain how their friendship began and developed. During their years in school Sapo would always take up for Chino and even fight for him. The novel is constructed into three books in which refer to its chapters as rounds, which symbolically represents the struggle within their Spanish Harlem neighbor hood and how one literally has to become a fighter and fight to survive the adversity and destitution forced upon residents... Free Essays on Bodega Dreams Free Essays on Bodega Dreams Bodega Dreams The novel Bodega Dreams, written by Ernesto Quinonez, appears to suggest that in the case of the antagonist Willie Bodega, the ends do justify the means. Though positive results were manifested in the community, the way in which they were accomplished were far from positive. The controversially ethical issue of whether the end justify the means or the means justify the end seems to be the concern of the novel. In history many peoples’ lives have been destroyed to improve the gain of others. The forefathers of this country murdered and destroyed Native Americans’ lives for their own personal gain, Germans murdered Jews for their own gain, and like Willie Bodega drug dealers sell drugs for their own financial gain. Though some people attain success in a less extreme manner, for instance, one may see a co-worker being fired as an opportunity for a promotion. The novel seems to suggest that in order to attain success one will inevitable be forced to step on people on the way up. Analyzing Willie Bodega’s rise to the top, how he got there, and his reasoning for the way he got there, will help to develop an understanding for t he reason why the novel suggests that the means do justify the end ends. The novel opens by introducing the protagonist and narrator Julio Mercado also known as Chino and his life long best friend Enrique, also known as Sapo. The novel introduces the two characters during their childhood growing up in the ghettos of East Harlem New York, better known as Spanish Harlem, to explain how their friendship began and developed. During their years in school Sapo would always take up for Chino and even fight for him. The novel is constructed into three books in which refer to its chapters as rounds, which symbolically represents the struggle within their Spanish Harlem neighbor hood and how one literally has to become a fighter and fight to survive the adversity and destitution forced upon residents...

Designing Brand Strategy for a Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 6

Designing Brand Strategy for a Company - Essay Example Also, two companies may perceive the same risks in a country but still choose different strategies because of their firms differing tolerances of risk. More specifically, the different market-entry strategies can be encapsulated as follows: Export/Import—The easiest and most common entry strategy, exporting also exposes a company to the lowest financial risk. An existing product is merely shipped to a foreign country. This strategy is very compatible with the domestic market extension outlook in international marketing. Licensing—Another relatively low-risk approach to a new market, licensing involves granting the rights and methods for production to a host country firm in return for a royalty fee. Advantages include low capital requirements and circumvention of import restrictions or foreign ownership limitations. Its advantage of lower risk is countered by lower returns. Joint Venture—A joint venture involves two companies that form a partnership under a new corporate name. Joint venturing is a low-risk market-entry strategy, which is popular among successful, large, internationally oriented businesses seeking to expand their own maturing home markets, or seeking new sources of raw materials. Notable are the strategic advantages of reducing both political and economic risks by combining the host country firms localized knowledge, skills, and systems with the foreign company's capital and technology. It also allows a foreign firm to operate in a market otherwise inaccessible due to trade barriers or hostility towards outsiders. Franchising—A form of licensing, franchising combines the franchisee's local knowledge, capital, and entrepreneurial energy with the franchisors standard bundle of products, management expertise, and support systems. It is a fast-growing approach to market entry. Advantages are the low capital investment required and the speed of entry. Manufacturing/Wholly-Owned Subsidiary—The highest-risk strategy with the highest potential return is investing capital to set up manufacturing or other operations in a foreign country.  Ã‚  

Solar cooling technology in football stadiums Dissertation

Solar cooling technology in football stadiums - Dissertation Example It is this hint that brought about the cooling technology utilizing solar energy which could be applied in large capacity buildings i. e football stadiums. According to Solar power energy generation, (2010) solar energy will be the main source of power generation in the turn of the century. Aside the fact that the use of solar energy could be by far cheaper than the use of fuels or biofuels in certain technological operations, for the very fact that sunlight is not paid for, we must also take note that strength of the source is strong as the sun emanates over 15 million degrees Kelvin or about 27 million degrees Fahrenheit degrees of heat per minute ( NASA Cosmicopia,2009 ). But it is noteworthy to observe that the application or working process of this technology could be very complicated and needs accuracy in other to function properly and adequately. Now Qater has chosen to utilize the cooling technology by way of solar energy to generate cool air in its large capacity stadiums in the 2022 FIFA World cup. The first of the kind to be hosted in the middle east. This is the biggest challenge of the century for a small country like Qater who are determined to conquer the summer heat and make the atmosphere chilling and comfortable for people all over the world who will be at the tournament. Most of such people are Europeans who are used to cold and cool weather. At the same time Qatar has decided to reduce cost by employing this technology. But I must forewarn before we delve in depth into this research work, that if the subject matter is not understood properly, if the rudiments and nitty gritties of the technology are not clearly explained, if the step by step process of the workability of the technology are not clearly defined, if the dimensions of operations as projected by Qater sports development ministry are not accurately modified etc. this could lead to an unnecessary waste of taxpayers money and could be the most fatal mistake made by a Nation in recen t times. That is why a lot of time will be taken to explain the step by step process of the technology from various perspectives and works of authorities before i draw my conclusion and master plan. Thus the work will be divided into three broad parts. The first part will focus on the overall technology, the second part will focus on its application in Qater, in this part the following will be clearly explained though with stronger and more professional terminologies: 1- Solar Harvesting. 2- Storage. 3- Heat Conversion. 4- Cold Storage. 5- Chilled Air Delivery. The third part will show by picturesque diagrams, how the newly modified concepts will be pragmatic in its application. At the end of the research, the following will be accurately and professionally achieved: an improvement in the design concept with product design specification (PDS), accurate calculation such as the energy required for the stadium etc. Lastly this research will put forward the following in both a descripto ry and an analytic form for easy application by the end user i.e. †¢ Focus on low energy concepts to create thermal comfort. †¢ Apply innovative, green, highly efficient cooling technology. †¢ Produce electrical energy by integrated photovoltaic systems. The Objectives of the study which are as follows will be clearly and precisely achieved: - Introducing the new cooling technology. - Applying the cooling system into the outdoor stadiums. -